Packaging conditions of the hottest foreign trade

Packaging conditions of foreign trade commodities

commodity packaging is the continuation of commodity production. Only through packaging, can the production process be completed, can the commodities enter the circulation and consumption fields, and can the use value and value of commodities be realized. This is because packaging is an important measure to protect the integrity of quality and quantity of commodities in the circulation process. Some commodities can't even be separated from packaging at all, which has become an inseparable unity with packaging

properly packaged goods are not only convenient for transportation, loading and unloading, handling, storage, storage, counting, listing and carrying, but also not easy to be lost or stolen, which provides convenience for all aspects

in the current fierce competition in the international market, many countries take improving packaging as one of the important means to strengthen foreign competition. Because good packaging can not only protect commodities, but also publicize and beautify commodities, improve commodity prices, attract customers, expand sales, increase prices, and show the scientific, technological, cultural and artistic level of exporting countries to a certain extent

in view of the importance of packaging, production enterprises and sales departments should work together to do a good job in packaging, so that the packaging of China's export commodities can meet the requirements of science, economy, firmness, beauty, marketability and more foreign exchange

according to the different functions of packaging in the circulation process, it can be divided into two types: transportation packaging (i.e. outer packaging) and sales packaging (i.e. inner packaging). The main function of the former is to protect goods and prevent goods damage and shortage. The latter not only protects goods, but also has the function of promotion

the significance of agreed packaging conditions

in international sales of goods, packaging is an important part of explaining goods, and packaging conditions are a major condition in the sales contract. According to the laws of some countries, if the goods delivered by the seller are not packed according to the agreed conditions, or the packaging of the goods is inconsistent with the industry customs, the buyer has the right to reject the goods. If the goods are packed in the agreed way but mixed with other goods, the buyer may reject the part of the goods packed in violation of the regulations, or even the whole batch of goods. It can be seen that it is of great significance to do a good job in packaging and packaging according to the agreed conditions

transportation packaging

1 Requirements for transportation packaging

the transportation packaging of international trade commodities is higher than that of domestic trade commodities, which should reflect the following requirements:

(1) it must adapt to the characteristics of commodities

(2) it must meet the requirements of various transportation modes

(3) the laws and regulations of relevant countries and the requirements of customers must be considered

(4) it should be convenient for relevant personnel in all links to operate

(5) save money on the premise of ensuring the firmness of the package

2. Classification of transportation packaging

there are various ways and shapes of transportation packaging, with different packaging materials and textures, and different packaging degrees, which leads to the diversity of transportation packaging

3. Marks of transportation packages

marks on transportation packages can be divided into three types according to their purposes:

(1) transportation marks transportation marks, also known as shipping marks, are usually composed of a simple geometric figure and some letters, numbers and simple words, and their main contents include:

1) the name or code of the destination

2) code of consignee and consignor

3) part number and batch number

in addition, some transportation marks also include origin, contract number, license number, volume and weight, etc. The contents of the transportation signs vary in complexity and simplicity, which shall be negotiated by the buyer and the seller according to the characteristics and specific requirements of the goods

in view of the great differences in the content of transport marks, some of which are too complex to meet the needs of the increase of freight versions, the reform of transportation methods and the application of computers in transportation and document circulation, the working group on simplifying international trade procedures of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, with the support of the international organization for standardization and the International Association for the coordination of cargo handling, has formulated a standard transport mark to be recommended to all countries. The standard transportation mark

includes:

1) the English abbreviation or abbreviation of the consignee or buyer's name

2) reference number, such as waybill number, order number or invoice number

3) destination

4) part number

as for other contents that must be written on the transportation package according to certain needs, such as license number, etc., they are not a necessary part of the transportation mark

(2) indicative signs

indicative signs remind people of matters needing attention in the process of loading, unloading, transportation and storage. Generally, they are marked on the package with simple and eye-catching graphics and words, so some people call them attention signs

(3) warning signs

warning signs are also known as dangerous goods packaging signs. When there are explosives, inflammables, toxic substances, corrosive substances, oxidants, radioactive materials and other dangerous goods in the transportation package, the marks for various dangerous goods must be marked on the transportation package to indicate a warning, so that the loading and unloading, transportation and storage personnel can take corresponding protective measures according to the characteristics of the goods to protect the safety of materials and personnel

sales package

1 Requirements for sales packaging and putting forward feasible solutions

sales packaging is also called inner packaging. It is a packaging that directly contacts goods and directly meets consumers with goods entering retail outlets. In addition to the function of protecting commodities, such packaging should also have the function of promotion. Therefore, there are high requirements for the modeling structure, decoration picture and text description of sales packaging

in order to adapt the sales packaging to the needs of the international market, the following requirements should be reflected in the design and production of sales packaging:

(1) it is convenient for display and sale

(2) easy to identify goods

(3) easy to carry and use

(4) be artistically attractive

2. Classification of sales packaging

sales packaging can adopt different packaging materials and different modeling structures and styles, which leads to the diversity of sales packaging. What kind of sales packaging is used depends mainly on the characteristics and shape of the goods

on the sales package, there are usually decorative pictures and text instructions, and some are also printed with bar code signs. The bar code on the commodity package is composed of a group of black and white with numbers and parallel stripes with different thickness intervals. It is a special code language that uses photoelectric scanning reading equipment to input data for the computer. At present, many countries in the world use barcode on commodity packaging. As long as the barcode is aligned with the photoelectric scanner, the computer can automatically identify the barcode information, determine the commodity name, variety, quantity, production date, manufacturer, origin, etc., and then query its unit price in the database, make payment settlement, and print out the purchase list, which effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of settlement, and also facilitates customers. At present, supermarkets in many countries use bar code technology for automatic scanning and settlement. For example, if there is no bar code on commodity packaging, even famous and high-quality commodities cannot enter supermarkets, but can only be used as low-grade commodities into low-cost stores. In addition, some countries vigorously implement high-end strategies for some commodity packages, and install no bar code signs, that is, they will not be imported. Therefore, it is urgent to promote the use of bar code marks on commodity packaging in China. In order to meet the needs of the international market and expand exports, China established the "China article coding center" in December, 1988, which is responsible for the promotion and unified management of bar code technology. In April, 1994, China officially joined the international Article Numbering Association, which assigned the country number "690" to China. Goods marked with "690" bar code mean goods produced in China

neutral packaging and OEM production

neutral packaging and OEM production are common practices in international trade

1. Neutral packaging

neutral packaging refers to the packaging that does not indicate the country of production, place name and manufacturer name, nor the trademark or brand, that is, there are no signs of origin and export manufacturer inside and outside the packaging of export goods. Neutral packaging includes unlicensed neutral packaging and fixed brand neutral packaging. The former refers to that the packaging has neither the country of production and the name of the manufacturer, nor the trademark or brand; The latter means that there is only the trademark or brand designated by the buyer on the package, but there is no country of production and manufacturer name

the use of neutral packaging is to break the tariff and non-tariff barriers of some importing countries and regions and meet the special needs of transactions (such as re export sales). It is a means for manufacturers in exporting countries to strengthen foreign competition and expand exports

2. OEM production

OEM refers to that the seller marks the trademark or brand designated by the buyer on the goods or packages it sells at the request of the buyer. This practice is called OEM production

at present, supermarkets, large department stores and professional stores in many countries in the world have to mark the trademarks or brands used by the store on the goods or packages to expand the popularity of the store and show the value of the goods. In order to take advantage of the buyer's business ability and its business, the export manufacturers in many countries are willing to take a look at the accuracy reputation and brand reputation of the relevant implementation consequences, so as to improve the commodity price and expand the market, and are also willing to accept the main products with a fixed license

provisions of packaging terms

packaging terms generally include packaging materials, packaging methods, packaging specifications, packaging marks, and the burden of packaging costs

when negotiating packaging terms, the following matters need to be paid attention to:

1 The characteristics of commodities and the requirements of different modes of transportation should be considered

2. This year, the demand for polymers in Europe will fall again by 3% to 4% The drop in demand for polymers also shows the changes that are taking place in the market. The provisions on packaging should be clear and specific. Generally, terms such as "seaworthpackaging" and "customary packaging" should not be used

3. Clarify who supplies the packaging and who bears the packaging cost. Who supplies the package usually has the following three methods:

(1) the seller supplies the package, and the package is delivered to the buyer together with the goods,

(2) the seller supplies the package, but after delivery, the seller takes back the original package. Specific provisions should be made as to who should bear the freight of returning the original packaging to the seller

(3) the buyer supplies packaging or packaging materials. When this method is adopted, the time for the buyer to provide packaging or packaging materials shall be clearly specified, as well as the responsibilities of both parties when the shipment is affected by the failure to provide packaging or packaging materials in time

as for the packaging cost, it is generally included in the price and will not be charged separately. However, there are also provisions that are not included in the price of goods and are paid by the buyer separately